OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING THROUGH JAVA : Unit - 1 : Object Oriented Programming : Basic concepts

 

INTRODUCTION:

Java is a high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle Corporation). It is an object-oriented language that is class-based and platform-independent, meaning that its code can run on any device that has a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed, regardless of the underlying operating system. Java is widely used for developing web applications, mobile applications, desktop applications, and video games, among other things. It is known for its ease of use, reliability, and security features.

Features of Java

Java has several key features that have made it one of the most popular programming languages in the world:

1. Object-Oriented: Java is an object-oriented language, meaning it supports the creation of reusable software components, called objects, that encapsulate data and behavior.
2. Platform-Independent: Java code is compiled into bytecode, which can be run on any device that has a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed, regardless of the underlying operating system.
3. Simple and Easy to Learn: Java is known for its simplicity and ease of use, with a syntax that is similar to C++, making it easy for programmers to learn and use.
4. Robust and Secure: Java is designed to be robust and secure, with automatic memory management, exception handling, and a type system that prevents dangerous operations.
5. Multithreaded: Java supports multithreading, which allows multiple threads of execution to run concurrently within a single program. This can improve the performance and responsiveness of applications.
6. Dynamic and Extensible: Java is a dynamic language, meaning it can load classes at runtime and dynamically allocate memory. This allows for greater flexibility and allows developers to extend the functionality of the language.
7. Rich Library: Java comes with a rich set of libraries and frameworks, such as the Java Standard Library and the Java Enterprise Edition (JEE), which make it easier for developers to perform common tasks and build complex applications.
8. Widely Used: Java is widely used for developing various types of applications, including web applications, mobile applications, desktop applications, and video games, among others. It is also used in scientific computing, data analytics, and machine learning, among other areas.

Where do we use Java.

            Java is used for a wide range of applications, including:

1. Web Development: Java is used to develop dynamic and interactive web applications, with the help of frameworks such as JavaServer Faces (JSF), Spring, and JavaServer Pages (JSP).
2. Mobile Development: Java is the primary language used to develop Android mobile applications, with the help of Android SDK and Android Studio.
3. Desktop Applications: Java is used to develop desktop applications, including media players, image editors, and office suites, among others.
4. Video Games: Java is used to develop video games, both for desktop and mobile platforms, with the help of game engines such as LibGDX and JavaFX.
5. Enterprise Applications: Java is used to develop large-scale enterprise applications, such as customer relationship management (CRM) systems, enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, and supply chain management (SCM) systems, among others.
6. Scientific Computing: Java is used in scientific computing for data analysis, simulation, and modeling.
7. Machine Learning: Java is used in machine learning for building and training predictive models, and for deploying machine learning algorithms in production.
8. Internet of Things (IoT): Java is used to develop IoT applications, with the help of frameworks such as Java ME and Java SE Embedded.

Java is a versatile and powerful language that can be used in a variety of contexts, making it a popular choice among developers.

History of Java

Java was first developed by James Gosling and his team at Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s. The original goal of the Java project was to develop a language that could be used to control consumer electronic devices, such as televisions and VCRs.

However, as the web started to gain popularity, the team realized that Java could be used to create interactive and dynamic web pages. This led to the creation of the Java applet, a type of small Java program that could be embedded in web pages and run in a web browser.

Java quickly gained popularity and became widely used for developing web applications, desktop applications, and mobile applications. In 2010, Sun Microsystems was acquired by Oracle Corporation, which now owns and maintains Java.

Why name Java?

The name "Java" was chosen for the programming language by the team at Sun Microsystems who developed it in the mid-1990s. There are several theories about where the name came from, including:

The name "Java" was inspired by coffee, as the team was said to have been drinking coffee during their discussions about the language.

Java was originally named "Oak" after an oak tree that stood outside the office of one of the team members. However, it was later changed to "Java" because "Oak" was already in use as the name of another programming language.

Java was named after the Indonesian island of Java, as the team was said to have been influenced by the rich culture and history of the island.