Introduction to Programming - (C Language) - Unit : 2 - Break & Continue Keywords
C break statement
The break statement in C language is used to
break the execution of loop (while, do while and for) and switch case.
In case of inner loops, it terminates the control
of inner loop only.
There can be two usage of
C break keyword:
- With
switch case
- With
loop
Syntax:
jump-statement;
break;
The jump statement in c
break syntax can be while loop, do while loop, for loop or switch case.
Flowchart of break in c
Example of C break
statement with loop
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=1;//initializing a local variable
clrscr();
//starting a loop from 1 to 10
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
printf("%d \n",i);
if(i==5)
{
//if value of i is equal to 5, it will break the loop
break;
}
}//end of for loop
getch();
}
Output
12345
As you can see on console
output, loop from 1 to 10 is not printed after i==5.
C break statement with
inner loop
In such case, it breaks
only inner loop, but not outer loop.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=1,j=1;//initializing a local variable
clrscr();
for(i=1;i<=3;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=3;j++)
{
printf("%d &d\n",i,j);
if(i==2 && j==2)
{
break;//will break loop of j only
}
}
}//end of for loop
getch();
}
Output
1 11 21 32 12 23 13 23 3
As you can see the output
on console, 2 3 is not printed because there is break statement after printing
i==2 and j==2. But 3 1, 3 2 and 3 3 is printed because break statement works
for inner loop only.
C continue statement
The continue statement in C language is used to
continue the execution of loop (while, do while and for). It is used with if condition within the loop.
In case of inner loops, it continues the control of
inner loop only.
Syntax:
jump-statement;
continue;
The jump statement can be while, do while and for loop.
Example of continue
statement in c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=1;//initializing a local variable
clrscr();
//starting a loop from 1 to 10
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
if(i==5)
{
//if value of i is equal to 5, it will continue the loop
continue;
}
printf("%d \n",i);
}//end of for loop
getch();
}
Output
1234678910
As you can see, 5 is not
printed on the console because loop is continued at i==5.
C continue statement with
inner loop
In such case, C continue
statement continues only inner loop, but not outer loop.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=1,j=1;//initializing a local variable
clrscr();
for(i=1;i<=3;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=3;j++)
{
if(i==2 && j==2)
{
continue;//will continue loop of j only
}
printf("%d &d\n",i,j);
}
}//end of for loop
getch();
}
Output
1 11 21 32 12 33 13 23 3
As you can see, 2 2 is
not printed on the console because inner loop is continued at i==2 and j==2.
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